Describe the Use of Enzymes in Medical Diagnosis

Acid phosphatase alanine aminotransferase alkaline phosphatase amylase angiotensin converting enzyme aspartate aminotransferase cholinesterase creatinine kinase gamma glutamyltransferase lactate dehydrogenase renin. This is because the presence of these enzymes in the serum indicates that tissue or cellular damage has occurred resulting in the release of intracellular components into the blood.

Clinical Enzymology

The measurement of the serum levels of numerous enzymes has been shown to be of diagnostic significance.

. Generally these enzyme activities are higher in plasma than in the tissues. Enzymes help speed up chemical reactions in the body. Enzymatic diagnosis is a method to diagnose diseases by measuring the content and changes of certain substances in the body or through the changes of the original enzyme activity in the body.

Cell membrane injury such as in hepatitis myocardial infarction Enzyme induction such as in response to metabolism of certain drugs Tumor. Assays of enzyme activity are today indispensable in clinical diagnosis. Enzyme concentration varies in diseased condition therefore variation in enzyme concentration can be used as tool in detecting disease or disorders related to the.

Diagnostic enzymes are also important in estimating the concentration of a substances and metabolites. It is obvious that enzymatic diagnostic methods based on two aspects. They are mostly synthesized in the liver and enter the circulation eg.

Common enzymes used for clinical diagnosis include. Enzymes are the preferred markers in various disease states such as myocardial infarction jaundice pancreatitis cancer neurodegenerative disorders etc. Enzymes can be differentiated between one another and they can be used as diagnostic tool to detect some diseases in human.

Lipoprotein lipase plasmin thrombin choline esterase ceruloplasmin etc. Even though the literature on the use of enzymes in various disease conditions has accumulated a. Plasm a enzy me activi ties can be used in the diagnosi s of diseas e and prognosis of treatment.

DNA probes enable the detection of some genetic disorders infectious diseases and cancers. Glutamate dehydrogenase GLDH found in the liver is used to diagnose hepatic parenchymal disease. They affect every function from breathing to digestion.

The diagnosis of the serum level of certain enzymes has been used as an indicator of cellular damage that results in the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream. In general each enzyme of clinical significance is found in many tissues of the body and in healthy individuals these enzyme exhibit very low levels in serum. ENZYMES IN DIAGNOSTIC USE Serum Enzymes Location of serum enzymes Concentration increased in Concentration decreased in Lipase Pancreas Acute pancreatitis Pancreatic carcinoma Liver disease vit-A deficiency diabetes mellitus Amylase Saliva High intestinal obstruction Acute pancreatitis Parotitis Diabetes Liver disease Trypsin Stomach.

Clinical enzymology is branch off medical science deals with the usage of enzymes for diagnosis prognosis of various diseases. Increased blood plasma enzyme levels greater than these levels may result from. They provide insight into the disease process by diagnosis prognosis and assessment of response therapy.

Glucose oxidase along with peroxidase to detect the level of glucose colorimetric estimation. Hence when a physician reveals that a person has to undergo a neurological enzyme assay the purpose is to ascertain whether or not there is brain damage. Changes in the original enzyme activity in the body and changes of certain substances in body fluids which is.

Enzymes are the preferred markers in various disease states such as myocardial infarction jaundice pancreatitis cancer neurodegenerative disorders etc. Plasma specific or plasma functional enzymes. Cell proliferation such as in bone healing acute.

In the United States the major importance of enzymes in medicine at present at this measurement of enzymes levels as an acid to diagnosis. Other enzymes with disease diagnosis applications are acid phosphatase ACP found in prostate and erythrocytes and are used in diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. Certain enzymes are normally present in the plasma and they have specific functions to perform.

Lipases for example help digest fat. They can also be used in the diagnosis purpose. Use of Basic Metabolic Panel.

ENZYMES IN DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS. In certain disease states or with cell injury these intracellular enzymes are released. Enzymes can be used as surface disinfectants.

Enzymes in the Diagnosis of Pathology. Plasm a enzym e l evel s depend on bal ance between. All enzymes are protein but all proteins are not enzymes.

For example liver disease is routinely diagnosed and monitored by measurements of blood levels of enzymes. Aldolase ALD found in skeletal muscle and heart and involved in muscle disease. They provide insight into the disease process by diagnosis prognosis and assessment of response therapy.

They are used to determine the level of the specific enzymes present in the blood urine body fluids or tissues.

Diagnostic Application Of Enzyme Ppt